Abstract:In the context of L9R15 AGCM,numerical study is performed of effects on climate change of the ozone depletion in the Southern Hemisphere(ODSH).Numerical results indicate that the ODSH has a significant effect on the vertical structure of temperature and the atmospheric circulation in both hemispheres.Numerical results also suggest that the ODSH is responsible for the climate change over China to some extent.

Abstract:In order to meet the need to manage information servers, which have been rapidly increasing with the development of the Internet and Intranet, this paper puts forward a model of information server management. In the model, a technology of Web is used to make the management system have some good features such as platform independent, easy to understand and remote accessible. As an example, the design and implementation of NNTP server management are also given.

Abstract:A new alternative for estimating parameters in some widely used mixed linear models is proposed. The approach is called as the layer trainglar transformation estimation. Using the same preliminary transformation for both testing and estimation gives us an integrated set of procedures for the full analysis of mixed linear models. The proposed procedures are computationally stable and space saving.

Abstract:Volume scan data, obtained from a terminal of a digital weather radar system, contain abundant weather information. Further processing for products such as CAPPI, VIL, VCS, MPP, are necessary. The techniques for generating such kinds of products and their applications are briefly introduced.

Abstract:Numerical simulations of the annual mean oceanic currents in the South China Sea(SCS) are carried out by use of the USA. Princeton University Ocean Model(POM). The effects of the structures of sea temperature (ST) and salinity (S) and the wind stress on the formation of the oceanic currents are discussed in this paper in some detail. Results show that the SCS oceanic currents can be driven by the horizontally non-uniform distribution of ST and S alone, however, the structure of such currents is in somewhat disorder, and the maximum speed is only 30~40 cm·s^-1. If the ST and S have no horizontal structure, the only wind stress drives the ocean to form orderly currents, and the maximum speed increases to 60~70 cm·s^-1. With both the non-uniform structures of ST and S and the wind stress, the currents formed are more similar to those driven only by the wind stress. It means that the wind stress is more important in the formation of ocean currents. The analysis of the free sea surface height also proves the above conclusions.

Abstract:In accordance with the last 30~40 years precipitation over China and Japan, a new analysis method has been constructed for the spatial and temporal integrated characterics of the climate extreme precipitation. Results show that there are different features and variability trend for different variety precipitation. Extreme light and moderate rain days, maximal extreme daily rainfall and etc. decrease slowly in China, and on the contrary, mean precipitation density and maximal monthly rainfall increase slightly, same as the trend of extreme annual heavy rain in Japan. Evidence suggest that these characterics are dependent on the large scale precipitation background.

Abstract:On the basis of field experiment in 1996 and 1997, both a development date model and a yield model were established for dry bred and throwing transplanted rice. The latter was composed of sub models for dynamic tillers, dry matter, fruitful grain number per ear. High yield features and mechanisms of the rice was analyzed. Compared with hand transplanted rice, results showed that the throwing transplanted rice had a shorter lag phase, more tillers (with 16% more for hsien and 23% more for hybrid hsien species respectively), greater thousand grain weight only for hsien species, and higher yields (with 16% higher for hsien and 9% higher for hsien species respectively). Rice seedlings transplanted by throwing were distributed at random and shallow rooted so that they could build a good population structure, leading to higher output. Finally, meteorological problems for throwing-transplanted rice were mentioned.

Abstract:The Meiyu frontal storm occurred on July 9, 1991 in the Jianghuai region has been analyzed in detail. The structure and features of the mesoscale convective echo system of the Meiyu front and the associated mesoscale weather systems have been studied. The concept of the mesoscale echo enhancing region in the convective storm region under the condition of weak low level convergence within the Meiyu front has been suggested. The results are compared with those from TAMEX in Taiwan.

Abstract:It is shown that a family F for holomorphic functions in a domain G is normal, if ƒ and its derivative ƒ′share two distinct finite nonzero values CM in G for every function ƒ∈F.

Abstract:An example is provided to examine the necessity of periodicity for adjooint assimilation method. Two methods are provided for the exact adjoint assimilation in partial defferential equation methods, and also presented is an exact adjoint assimilation methods used in the difference equation model of the simultaneous partial differential equations without ∂μ/∂ term.

Abstract:This paper introduces an objective synoptic typing method which uses the routine historical synoptic data. Some circulation patterns associated with a weather phenomenon are empirically summed up at first, discriminant conditions and sequence for each pattern are then determined. On the above basis, historical samples for each pattern can be obtained and automatically objective typing of circulations completed with computers. This method is used to deovelop the winter regional precipitation forecast system of Weihai city. The system has many characteristics such as the precipitation circulation patterns have clear physical means, the discriminant conditions are practical, and the system is automatic. At last the importance of synoptic typing in the interpretation and utilization of numerical products and several relevant points for attention are discussed.

Abstract:A brief description is given in this paper for a climatic analysis and service designed for provincial climate center. The system uses FoxPro for Windows language ,and consists of four subsystems of database management, climatic diagnosis and assessment, early climatic warring and damage analysis. It not only provides the various resultant data of analysis but also automatically generates relevant graphs, tables, and literal bulletins. The interface is friendly and easy to use:the system is open, flexible, and expansible.

Abstract:A multimedia course in computer composing principles is designed by use of Authorware and other softwares. The principles and methods of design are drawn from practical processes. The course consists of the following five parts:introduction, primary piece, advanced piece, testing piece, and present situation and prospect. Simultaneous use of multimedia such as image, text, sound and video makes the readers accept the computer composing principle knowledge in a easy and interesting way.

Abstract:In this paper, water consumption was estimated for winter wheat based on water balance equation. Data used for the estimation are meteorological elements, soil moisture, phenological dates and yield, coming from Xifeng Agrometeorological Experimental Station, Gansu Province. Regular patterns both of the water consumption for winter wheat and of soil moisture change were brought to light and water deficiency was analyzed with respect to its amount and temporal distribution. A yield-water consumption model was established for winter wheat through regression modelling and the critical water period of its yield formation was defined for the area.

Abstract:The MM4 model is used to simulate the torrential rain associated with Mei-Yu front on 5~6 July 1991 in the Changjiang-Huaihe Basin, and the simulation is satisfactory. Based on the dynamical trade-off reliable outputs with high space-time resolution, the cause of mesoscale cyclogenesis in the lower troposphere and the ground surface is investigated in terms of helicity principle. The result shows that there exists close relationship between rotational wind helicity and the torrential rain process. The higher rotational helicity might be one of the mechanisms for rain storm development. The variation of helicity intensity may give a clue to torrential rain occurence.

Abstract:Based on the 500 pieces of raindrop spectral data standing for different precipitation types, statistical relationships between the parameters of microwave radiation and spectral features such as Z-I, k_t-I, k_a-I, L-I and so on, have been studied. The results are useful in atmospheric and information sciences.

Abstract:This paper discusses the mathematic model for the reliability of the compound repairable voting system composed of different type components, and also gives the computational method of the reliability index.

Abstract:Supported by GIS, maps were overlapped of normalized vegetation index (NVI), topograph, soils, government districts, yearly rainfall, yearly mean temperature, accumulated temperature during growing period of wheat, so as that ecological layers for wheat were stratified objectively and a base graph of non-wheat image cell was plotted for average year. Based on investigations into data from monitoring networks on the ground, a set of indices were established for different layers with the aid of remote sensing. Finally, a NVI map excluding non wheat image cells and a stratified ecological map were integrated, from which the growth of wheat seedlings was graded according to the indices and the accuracy of monitoring was increased.

Abstract:A substantial review on the storm track is conducted in its three dimensional structure, temporal variation, maintenance mechanism and interrelation to the mean flow, etc.. The main idea in this field are summarized in the paper along with a looking forward to its further investigations.

Abstract:Emperor Kangxi (1662~1722) had many empirical discussions on optical、acoustical and electrical phenomena of atmospheric physics, which were very interested in that age. This paper evaluates his discussions under the scientific consideration.