Abstract:Case studies are undertaken of summer Meiyu (Chinese) and Baiu (Japanese) frontal structures,with the results as follows:1) the frontal system consists of an upper tropospheric broad baroclinic zone and a lower narrower and weak analog;2) on the cross sections (two for each),the Meiyu fronts are chair shaped with an equivalent barotropical structure in the vorcivorticity field;the June Baiu front is evenly inclined and the July one chair shaped,with a baroclinic vorticity structure;3) these systems can be viewed as from inhomogeneously heating a uniform baroclinic zone;4) vast quantities of latent heat released at high levels over the rainbelt in China mainland in connection with evaporatice cooling around the rainband and ground heating on the north side of the rainfall help generate the chair shaped frontal zone and equivalent barotropic structure.

Abstract:A simple scheme is presented for singular value decomposition (SVD) of the timeseries of meteorological vector fields and used for examining air sea anomaly relation on the interannual scale in the equatorial Pacific,revealing a pair of high correlation modes of 1000hPa winds and sea surface temperature anomalies associated closely with ENSO cycle.

Abstract:A vegetation parameterization scheme was introduced into Yan Hong′s model to investigate the difference in the July climatic fields with and without vegetative cover that was separated into 10 categories across the country from the simulations at a range of soil moisture (SM). Evidence suggests that with normal SM,a 1 mm increase in daily rainfall was discovered when vegetation was considered in contrast to the no vegetation case for south Sichuan,Tibetan Highland,the Jiang Huai drainage and NE China as compared to 1～2 mm decrease over the Yunnan Guizhou Plateau. A range of SM control experiments indicate that vegetative cover caused precipitation to be intensified for a particular SM. The 600 hPa streamline difference map shows a broadly similar pattern to that of surface rainfall difference.

Abstract:A meso 2D model is used to investigate the possible influence on local climate of rough cold island (CCI) width and distribution,with the results as follows:depending on the CCI width,three circulation patterns—— single,double updraft/single downdraft and double - are excited;a cirtical width is existent that ranges roughly over 40～50 km;for the actual——CCI width d<d_c,the circulations get intensified versus increasing d and for d>d_c no pronounced amplification occurs when d grows,even approaching a quasi steady state;optimal climatic effects would be expected on a local basis if a realistic CCI distribution scheme were adopted when their total width is specified.

Abstract:The research is concerned with the possibility of probing on a auto navigated miniature robot craft. And a zero horizontal wind measuring mode is worked out with the operation done by GPS (global positioning system). This type of craft provides a convinient,economic and flexible tool.

Abstract:On the assumption that G is a claw free graph of order n(≥3) and connectivity k,it is proved that G is a Hamilton graph if for any distinct vertices u and v in any independent set S of cardinality k+1,|N(v)∪N(V)|≥n-k-Δ(S).

Abstract:The 3 group stepwise discriminant analysis is employed to objectively diagnose summer (JJA) rainfall patterns over east China with the aid of the summer rainfall data of 5 regions,the fitting rate reaching 44/44 for the whole record spanning 1951～1994.

Abstract:Performed using IAP2 L AGCM model are experiments with the influence of Tibetan sensible heating reduciton anomaly on eastern hemisphere circulations and East Asian monsoon LFO in summer. Results suggest that when sensible heating is reduced below the mean in the plateau,variation in percentage variance of LFO increases in the South China Sea and Western Pacific and the abnormal heating has different effects on eastern Asian and Indian monsoons,with change in the phase of LFO over monsoon areas,its structure,strength and propagation speed at extratropics.Also,results show that the wavetrain becomes more evident and low frequency vortices propagate along the great circle route as far east as East China and low latitude Western Pacific,thereby exerting much impact on low frequency variation of summer weather in this part of China.

Abstract:Presented in this paper is a representation of the elements in the classical domain H_θ of the form H_θ={(W₁,W₂)∈C^2p×2q|1/2(W₁+W₁′)-W₂W₂′>0,K₀^(2p)(W₁,W₂)=(W₁,W₂)K₀^(2p)},where W₁ denotes a 2p×2p matrix,W₂ a 2p×2(q-p) matrix (q≥p) and K₀^(2p)= for a Hermitian matrix A means that A is postive definite.

Abstract:The paper is devoted to a system describing the potential and temperature in a thermally sensitive semiconductor device——a system of parabolic elliptic equations subject to mixed boundary conditions. And the solution to the problem is proved to exist by using fixed point theorem.

Abstract:A number of programs for climatic statistics that are originally Fortran written are adapted by C language with the user′s interface designed. The softward is compiled and demonstrated successfully under Borland C++ 3.1. The interface is of easy application and expansion in such a way as to save user′s cost and computer′s resources.

Abstract:In the context of field observations at Shentou (112°17′E,39°18′S) in September～October 1988,calculation is carried out of frictional velocity,characteristic temperature and turbulent momentum flux,with turbulent heat flux dealt with by two methods. And calculation are grouped by stability for study,and daily variation in winter heat flux samplings investigated.

Abstract:The article concerns the response of a nonlinear system under the effect of random force through the method of moment equations and Newtonian iteration,obtaining statistical attributes,with a few examples presented therein,indicating some specific cases under certain conditions.

Abstract:A nondivergent barotropic vorticity equation on the sphere is solved by the spectral method (T42) to examine the differences of the nature of energy dipersion of initial vortices and thermal forcings in various shapes. The results show that the differences vary with the structures of zonal flows. When the zonal flows are zero or westerly,the differeces in the direction,velocity and intensity of propagation of energy are significant for various initial vortices and thermal forcings. However,there is lack of meridional dispersions in a hemispheric domain and the energy mainly propagates eastwords. While easterly zonal flows exist,the differences are just those in intensity and longer wavelenths propagate polewards as well as eastwards,shorter ones propagate southwards as well as eastwards.Above linear results agree well with the Ray Trace Theory. The nonlinear term can increase dispersion intensity on the poleward flank and decrease their intensity or scale on the equator flank of heating anomalies from the calculation of nonlinear model.

Abstract:In the light of Nanjing agroresources exploitations in connection with research fruits,is developed a system of indices for the appraisement,with their weighings determined,whereby rated are the benefits,economic,ecological,social and integrative,leading to some results as reference for future development of the area.

Abstract:Turbulence spectra are investigaed that result in the presence of fog and otherwise using Chongqing wind record from December 1989 to January 1990. Results show that under neutral and unstable stratification the frequency of peaks is higher in this hilly area as compared to the plains,with a narrower domain of the peaks;under nighttime hydrostatic stability,the energy increases sharply in the low frequency portion. Besides,case studies exhibit significant features of such spectra on a foggy day.

Abstract:Statistical study is performed of the relationship of SST patterns and western Pacific subtropic high to summer precipitation in Shandong,revealing a synoptic mechanism for the effects of the SST fields on rainfall,which provides a basis for predicting rainfall in accordance with SST.

Abstract:This paper is devoted to the three fold restriction method that is expanded to a n fold version for investigating measurement error of meteorological instruments. Mathematical proof has been made with a real sample effered. Results show that the inodified method is valied. When no standard instrument is available,it can be used to determine the function of instruments.

Abstract:Proposed is a theoretical model for evaluating the vertical change in the refractivity structure constant C₂ⁿ and energy dissipation rate εof turbulence based on convertional soundings from Nanjing and Sheyang. It turns out that the model calculated εagrees quite well with that obtained with the aid of the width of velocity spectrum of a pulse Doppler radar.

Abstract:Examined are statistical relations of climatic change in the Northerm Hemisphere and China in terms of principal component and regression techniques in combination. Based on the causes of the Northern warming are developed some statistical models for climatic response in this country on a local basis,and with the aid of part of the AGCM results,calculation is performed to investigate the temperature increments and confidence intervals for various areas of China in the presence of CO 2 doubling. Results show that the mean warming trend is roughly synchronous,though at varying increment for these areas,with the warming;the sensitive regions are located largely in NW,N and NE China,with bigger uncertainties over the southern part.

Abstract:Radar echoes and soundings from Jinan and its vicinity are used in investigaiting the echo features from hail bearing cloud and mean adiabatic water content at 700 and 500 hPa,separately,thereby deriving these contents and the comprehensive parameter BB values for echo features indicative of different phases of such cloud,in May,June and September 200 km around Jinan,whereupon the discriminating basis is gained alongside a calculation formula for the bullets used in the operation.