Abstract:A discussion is made on the behavior and propagation feature ofthe QPO, with emphasis laid on the forcing of the Southern Hemi-sphere midlatitude quasi periodic cold air on the QPO in the tropicalatmosphere and its influence on the Northern Hemisphere summer monsoon. It is proposed that the lateral coupling of the circulation systems along the meridional direction and their interaction should be apossible mechanism for the QPO meridional propagation.

Abstract:It is found from the data for the period of 1971-1980 that the East-Asian summer monsoon associated with the rain band over eastern China is of subtropical characteristics and the isodrosotherm of 14℃ at 850 hPa may serve as a criterion for the monsoon activity. Analysisalso suggests that the monsoon coincides in activity with the subtropicallong waves at 500 hPa.The combination of their seasonal variationswith the quasi 40-day oscillation may cause the northward advance andstagnation of the monsoon and the resulting rain band while the short-period oscillation may yield their northsouth swing during theirstagnant stage.

Abstract:In this paper the South-Asian high is studied as to its strong/weakpart by using the comprehensive index, with emphasis placed on thefeatures of the monthly mean circulation at 30 and 50hPa in the stra-tosphere during its earlier stage. Results show that significant dif-ferences exist in the high-latitude stratospheric circulation during thespring of the year when the South-Asian high, as well as the tropicaleasterlies to its south, is extremely strong/weak.For example, Aleutianhigh enters the polar region early/late, the latitudinal geostrophic windin high latitudes in early spring is enormously weak/strong, and theamplitude of wave 2 along the latitude in April is anomalously weak/strong.In fact, this suggests that the early/late reversal of the circulation ofspring in the middle and lower stratosphere is in correspondence withthe strong/weak South-Asian high in summer. Besides, the possibleprocesses of the variations is briefly discussed.

Abstract:In this paper, features of heavy rain distribution over Hubei prov-ince are examined by using the heavy rain data for June and July 1977-1986 and the sounding data for 1979-1986. The result shows that the heating of the mountains in western Hubei province and themassive topography of the Qinghai Xizang Plateau is evident. This mayexplain the features of heavy rain distribution over Hubei province.

Abstract:The distribution of air pollutants in the Dachang district is dis-cussed by using the three-dimensional K-theory diffusion equation,in which Businger flux profile relationships are adopted as the fedwind and diffusion coefficient profiles. The characteristic parameternear the surface in Nanjing is determined using the wind data fromthe tower-layer wind. The three-dimensional K-theory diffusion equa-tion is solved numerically in terms of Chapeau function having thefourth-order accuracy. The average annual SO₂ concentration distribu-tion thus computed corresponds quite well with the observationalvalue. The influence caused by the neglect of the horizontal diffusioncoefficient and the change of wind speed with height on the calcula-tion of the pollutant concentration distribution near the surface is alsoexamined. It is found that within the range of 1-5 kilometersfrom the point source downwind, whether the wind is strongor weak, negligence of the horizontal diffusion coefficient would leadto higher estimation of the surface concentration and errors in cal-culation would exist if the change in wind speed with height is over-looked.

Abstract:An automatic weather radar sounding system (called an automatic sound-ing system for short) was designed, which can automatically controlthe operation, and collect and process cubic echo data to obtain a varietyof visualized digital products, such as the CAPPI, ETPPI. etc. It alsohas the capacity for remote communications.

Abstract:Transferring the analog signal of the GMS low resolution cloudpicture by means of telephone wires from the receiver output to theremote user and real time pseudo color stratified display of the cloud picture on 1024×1024 high resolution graphic display connected to IBMPC/AT or PC/XT have been developed. The image displayed on thescreen can be zoomed by a factor of square of 1-16 in integer and panned without having to change any vedio RAM content. Four pictures reduced to 512×512 pixel can be displayed on the screen simulta-neously.

Abstract:The low-frequency oscillations in the atmosphere are numerically stud-ied by use of a two-layer quasi-geostrophic. low-order spectral model having annual periodic thermal forcing. The time of integration is more than five model years. Studies show that the east wind south of themodel plateau and the subtropical high center are both characterized by two three week oscillations.

Abstract:By using the infinite line source formula, the NO_x concentration around the ASRC has been calculated when the wind blows from the west, southwest and south. Briggs diffusion parameters(urban) are used and the line source intensily is calculated by using the EPA’s formula.It is shown that when the wind direction is west, the NO_x concentration around the ASRC is heaviest and when the wind shifts from south towest with the atmospheric stability neutral and the wind speed lessthan 2m/sec, the instantaneous NO_x concentration may be 2.8-3.6 times the standard value (rush hours) 5 meters away from the highways and 1.1-1.7 times the standard value (rush hours) 10 meters away from the highways.

Abstract:In this paper, the height of 500hPa in the area 90-150°E, 35-55°Nand 110-170°E, 15-35°N are resolved with Chebyshev polynomials.The features of Chebyshev’s coefficients and relation ships between some of the coefficients and precipitation in the middle and lower reaches of the ChangJiang River are analysed.

Abstract:A preliminary study is made on the rational distribution of weatherstation networks in the Shanghai area by using the spatial structurefunction as the criterion for the design. The corresponding structurefunctions of the temperature, humidity and rainfall fields are calculatedusing the daily mean temperature and relative humidity, and the monthlyrainfall data. The standard errors of the inerpolation values are thusobtained by different methods(linear, equilateral triangular and square).Based on the principle that the standard error of interpolation shouldnot exceed the observation error, the optimal distances betweensecond-order stations and third-order stations are about 50 km and30 km respectively.

Abstract:Based on the temperature records from the ZDJ long-term recording climatological station and the synchronous thermometer shelter obser-vations, calculation is made of the mean square deviation of temperatures and its variation. and the daily temperature variations under different conditions. The causes of the errors are analysed from radiation and timelag. with emphasis placed on the calculation of the correlation coeffi-cients between the ZDJ temperatures and the synchropously observed temperatures. The linear regression equation thus estabilished can beused, to some extent, as the correction equation for the ZDJ temperature records.