This paper analyzes the connection and possible mechanism between sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) in the northern tropical Atlantic (NTA) and the South China Sea summer monsoon (SCSSM) using HadiSST data,CMAP precipitation data and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data.The observation analysis shows that there is a significant negative correlation between NTA SSTA and SCSSM in summer.Positive NTA SSTA can cause cyclonic circulation anomalies in the subtropical East Pacific to Atlantic region of the Northern Hemisphere,which is conducive to abnormal ascending (descending) motion in the tropical Atlantic (tropical central Pacific) region.The motions can cause the anomalous anticyclone circulation in the northwestern Pacific region,and the south wind anomalies on the west side of the anticyclone circulation anomaly enhance the SCSSM.The SCSSM seasonal prediction model is constructed by using spring NTA index,SST anomaly index in southeastern Indian Ocean,SST anomaly index in North Pacific,South Pacific Ocean Meridional Dipole (SPOMD),and Niño3.4 index.Correlation coefficient between the observed SCSSM index and the hindcast of the model is 0.81,showing that the model can predict SCSSM well.