The East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) system is one of the most active circulation systems during winter in the Northern Hemisphere.It exerts a major impact on the near-surface temperature and precipitation in East Asia through interactions with the Siberian high,Aleutian low (AL),East Asian trough,and East Asian westerly jet stream.Despite the importance of the relationship between the AL and East Asian winter monsoon,there have been relatively few studies on it and its variations.In this study,an EOF analysis is performed to analyze the intensity change,north-south and east-west movement,and Northwest-Southeast propagation modes of the AL,and to depict the relationships among these four modes and the northern and southern patterns of the EAWM.The EOF analysis is also used to extract the main modes of near-surface temperature.The explanatory variance of the first mode is 48.9％,which shows that the near-surface temperature is uniformly distributed throughout the country,and that the temperature decreases rapidly to the north along the meridional gradient.This pattern is called the northern EAWM mode.The second mode accounts for 16.2％ of the total variance,showing a reverse distribution from north to south,which is called the southern EAWM monsoon.The results show that,although the intensity variation of the AL and the two East Asian winter monsoon modes are insignificant,the meridional movement of the AL is strongly correlated with the southern EAWM mode,with a feature of decadal variation.Considering that the interdecadal variation of AL and EAWM will affect their correlative features,the time series of the four modes and two types of winter monsoon are studied by 21-point sliding correlation.From 1964 to 1994,there was a significant positive correlation between the north-south movement of the AL and the southern EAWM mode.After 1994,the axis position of the north-south oscillation over the North Pacific moved eastward under the influence of ENSO,and the configurations of the AL and Siberian high have not been conducive to the formation of the pressure gradient in southeastern China.In this study,we take 1978 as a typical case of southern EAWM mode,and obtain the distribution patterns of the north-south movement AL and southern winter monsoon.The Northwest-Southeast propagation mode is strongly correlated with the northern EAWM pattern,and the decadal change of this relationship is mainly affected by the North Atlantic Oscillation.There is no significant correlation between the propagation mode and northern EAWM monsoon during the period of 1961—1974.After 1974,the North Atlantic Oscillation stimulates anomalous positive potential height anomalies in the central Siberian region,expands the influence extent of the Northwest-Southeast propagation mode,and brings northeasterly anomalies to the middle and higher latitudes.We also take 1976 as a case study of northern EAWM monsoon,and the study results are consistent with our predictions.In this paper,the relationship between the intensity change and east-west movement of AL pressure and their winter winds is not very significant,thus we have not carried out further analysis on this issue.In future research,we will continue to focus on the influence of four-mode interannual changes in the AL on winter monsoon,so as to supplement the results of this paper.