Based on the reanalysis data of ERA5 and the historical output data of MPI-ESM1-2-HR model in CMIP6, the relationship between the inter-hemispheric atmospheric mass oscillation (IHO) and East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) and its effect on winter temperature in China are verified. The results of reanalysis and model indicate that there is a significant positive correlation between winter IHO and East Asian winter monsoon. The IHO is closely related to the EAWM through the redistribution of global atmospheric mass. When the IHO is positive phase, the atmospheric mass accumulates abnormally in the northern part of Eurasia, but loses abnormally in the middle and low latitudes, which makes the ocean-land pressure difference in East Asia increase significantly, and the EAWM intensification. At the same time, it also significant cooling the winter surface temperature in central China, and vice versa. Further analysis shows that the temperature in the tropical lower stratosphere can affect the atmospheric temperature in the Antarctic troposphere by regulating the meridional distribution of ozone content through the residual circulation, thus playing a major driving role in the interannual variation of IHO.