To further advance understanding of the impacts of land-use and land-cover change (LULCC) and land management on climate and biogeochemical processes, the Land Use Model Intercomparison Project (LUMIP) has been endorsed to the CMIP6. LUMIP includes a two-phase experimental design. Phase one features idealized coupled idealized deforestation scenario and land-only model simulations designed to advance process-level understanding of LULCC impacts on climate, as well as to quantify model sensitivity to potential land-cover and land-use change. Phase two experiments focus on quantification of the historic impact of land use and the potential for future land management decisions to aid in mitigation of climate change. This paper outlines the scientific background, experimental design and protocol and involved models of the LUMIP, and reviews the significance and importance of this project. We hope this paper can provide a quick understanding of its relevant research highlights and development direction.