Based on the WRF(Weather Research Forecast) model and its own Nudging assimilation system,combined with the observation data(after quality control) of 2 588 automatic stations in the Three Gorges area in January 2014,this paper carries out the assimilation test of automatic station and establishes the high resolution temperature field of 3 km in the Three Gorges area.Comprehensive comparative analyses are carried out on the monthly mean temperature field and the hourly temperature change among the results of the assimilation test of automatic station,the non-assimilation test and the assimilation test of sparse field with NCEP sparse observation stations.Results show that compared with the non-assimilation test,the average deviation of temperature field is reduced to ±0.5℃ in most areas for the assimilation test of automatic station.Absolute deviation of the hourly temperature is reduced to less than 1℃ in plains,hills and mountains.Correlation coefficient of the hourly temperature is above 0.9,the temperature deviation ranges of the three types of terrain are reduced by more than 1.14℃,and the root mean square errors are reduced to more than 0.55℃.Relative standard deviations are close to 1 in plains and hills,and relative standard deviation is reduced to 1.11 in mountains in the Taylor diagram for the assimilation test of automatic station.The assimilation test of automatic station is superior to the assimilation test of sparse field.The assimilation test of automatic station has a good effect on the establishing of temperature field of the Three Gorges area in January 2014,which provides an effective reference for the establishment of high resolution temperature field in the area.