一次南支槽背景下地形对贵州水城南部特大暴雨的作用
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六盘水市科技局社会攻关项目(52020-2009-08-04)


The effect of topography on heavy torrential rain in the background of a south branch trough in Shuicheng of Guizhou Province
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    摘要:

    利用欧洲中期天气预报中心逐日客观分析资料、常规观测资料、FY2C卫星、雷达和区域加密自动站资料,对2009年6月28日夜间发生在贵州省水城县发耳乡特大暴雨天气进行分析。结果表明,2009年6月28日贵州省水城县发耳乡特大暴雨的发生,有南支槽、中低层切变和强盛的西南暖湿气流等天气条件的有效合理配置;强降水的落区与中-γ尺度云团有很好的对应关系,云团的移动、合并、发展、停滞以及减弱能很好地指示降水的落区及强度;产生于低层辐合区的强对流回波单体在位于水城县西北部的乌蒙山脉(主峰2901m)的阻挡下在发耳乡附近停滞不前,使水城县中部以南地区降水雨团合并加强,这是发耳特大暴雨形成的重要原因;发耳特殊的地形,使得其附近流场发生变化,不仅使地形性垂直上升运动加强、维持,而且也使得水汽不断向云内卷入,延长了暴雨云团在其上空的停留时间;喇叭口地形的收缩作用也加强了迎风坡的辐合上升运动;区域自动站的资料显示,中小尺度天气系统对水城县发耳乡及附近降水雨团的形成和加强起到了重要作用,并对此次特大暴雨的短时临近预报具有指示意义。

    Abstract:

    By using ECWMF(European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts) analysis data, conventional observations, FY-2C satellites, radar stations and automatic weather station data, the heavy rain occurred on the night of 28 June 2009 in Fa'er Village, Shuicheng County in Guizhou Province is analyzed.The results show that the occurrence of the heavy rain on 28 June 2009 in Fa'er Village, Shuicheng County of Guizhou Province was the result of the southern branch trough, low shear and strong southwest warm air.Area of strong precipitation was in accord with middle-γ scale cloud.The movement, mergence, development, stagnation and decline of the clouds can well indicate the rainfall area and intensity.The strong convective echoes monomer resulted from the low -level convergence zone lingered around the Wumeng mountains(highest peak 2901 m) to northwest of Shuicheng County, which merged the rain clouds to the south of the county and thus caused the heavy torrential rain.The air flow field near Fa'er was changed because of its special terrain.It did not only strengthen and maintain terrain vertical velocity but also included more water vapor into the clouds and thus prolonged the duration time of the rainstorm cloud above Fa'er.The trumpet shape of the terrain also strengthened the convergence upward movement.The regional AWS data shows that the small and medium-scale weather system exerted important influence on the rain in Fa'er Village and nearby areas.It is also significant for the short-term forecast of this heavy torrential rain.

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池再香,邱斌,康学良,吴华洪,2011.一次南支槽背景下地形对贵州水城南部特大暴雨的作用[J].大气科学学报,34(6):708-716. CHI Zai-xiang, QIU Bin, KANG Xue-liang, WU Hua-hong,2011. The effect of topography on heavy torrential rain in the background of a south branch trough in Shuicheng of Guizhou Province[J]. Trans Atmos Sci,34(6):708-716. DOI:10.13878/j. cnki. dqkxxb.2011.06.008

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  • 收稿日期:2011-01-24
  • 最后修改日期:2011-04-25
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  • 在线发布日期: 2016-04-25
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