Aiming at the problems of the traditional lightning protection technology,through analyzing lightning theory and triggering mechanism,and by utilizing electric field theory,this paper designs a set of initiative lightning protection system(ILPS),which makes the atmosphere around protected objects being in a passive-excitation discharge state and employs lightning current to induce the atmosphere into a self-excitation discharge state.The paper introduces the theory of ILPS,also elaborates the kernel theory of leading and retaining,then with this understanding puts forward the model of ILPS.And the paper illuminates in detail the structures,features and the relationship of pushing system,leading system and power system in ILPS.The calculated electric field intensity required for ILPS is E=0.69kV/m.Finally its problems and developing directions are also given,and the characteristics and key of ILPS are summarized in the conclusion.