Using a 39-year monthly and seasonal rainfall data set observed at 36 stations in Zhejiang Province and a 49-year rainfall and temperature data set at 160 stations in the whole China, a detail study has been undertaken of climatic variation features of the rainfall and autumn flood/drought of Zhejiang Province.Results show that the decreasing trend of rainfall in autumn is evident.It is found that the autumn flood/drought all over Zhejiang Province is basically similar,but there is a little difference between coastal region and inland;there is a close relation between the autumn flood/drought of Zhejiang Province and the position of large-scale rainbelts, and the meteorological elements(rainfall and temperature)show abnormal features in large-scale areas in the summer before the autumn flood/drought of Zhejiang.Monte Carlo simulation approach and t-test method are used in checking the significance of the long term changes of meteorological elements.