Relationships between global temperature anomalies and the summer rainfall of China are investigated by the use of the global air temperature data from 1930 to 1998. It is found that the summer large-scale precipitation of China has close simultaneous correlations with the maritime area seasonal temperatures over the tropical western Pacific and tropical mid-east Pacific as well as the continental area temperatures over East Europe,the northeast of North America and East Asia.The relationships between the temperature anomalies and the summer rainfall of the middle-lower reaches of the Yangtze River are aslo studied with Monte Carlo correlation method. Results indicate that when temperature over the Indian ocean region in spring, and temperature over the northern of North America and the southwest of northern Pacific in summer have positive anomalies, the middle-lower reaches of the Yangtze River are liable to waterlogging.And furthermore their correlations with the summer rainfall of the middle-lower reaches of the Yangtze River show a stage character,and become stronger with time.