热带大气环流对低纬太平洋SST暖异常的响应
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国家自然科学基金;国家气象局季风科研基金


RESPONSE OF THE TROPICAL ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION TO THE LOW—LATITUDE PACIFIC SST WARM ANOMALY
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    摘要:

    本文使用一个地表温度由热平衡方程所控制的p—σ混合坐标5层原始方程球带模式,模拟了北半球冬季热带太平洋SST暖异常所产生的热带环流及其准双周周期振荡的异常特征。研究表明:SST暖异常可以产生热带辐合带上间隔约25—30个经度的降水中心,这种现象可能是SST暖异常区的扰动能量向西频散所造成的,而扰动相速则是向东的。SST暖异常愈强,引起的降水、高低空越赤道气流、北半球副热带西风气流、扰动西侧的反Walker环流及高层东风异常和扰动东侧的顺Walker环流以及高层西风异常也愈强。SST暖异常位于东太平洋时,所引起的这些异常也偏东,一般强度较弱。随着准双周振荡的衰减,不同SST暖异常所引起的环流和降水异常之间的差异也愈小。

    Abstract:

    The tropical circulation induced by the nouthern-hemisphere winter tropical pacific SST warm anomaly and its quasi-biweekly oscillation anomaly are simulatcd in terms of the p-σ mixed coordinate five layered primitive equation global band model with the surface temperature governed by the heat balance euqation. The results are summarized as follows: The SST warm anomaly can produce several rainfall centers in the low latitude convergence zone that are about 25-30 longitudes apart. This phenomenon may well be caused by the westward dissipation of the disturbance energy in the anomalous warmth while the phase velocity of the disturbance is eastward. The greater the SST warm anomaly is, the more intense are the resulting precipitation, the cross equatorial upper and low level streams, the westerlies in the northern hemisphere subtropics, the anti-Walker circulation on the west side of the disturbance and the anomalous upper-level easterlies, and the usual Walker circulation on the east side and the anomalous upper-level westerlies. When the SST warm anomaly is observed in the eastern Pacific, the resulting anomalies are all found farther east and are generally weak in strength. With the decay of the quasi biweekly oscillation,the difference between the anomalies of circulation and rainfall produced by different SST warm anomalies are also small.

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吴秋英,朱乾根,1990.热带大气环流对低纬太平洋SST暖异常的响应[J].大气科学学报,13(1):11-22. Wu Qiuying, Zhu Qiangen,1990. RESPONSE OF THE TROPICAL ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION TO THE LOW—LATITUDE PACIFIC SST WARM ANOMALY[J]. Trans Atmos Sci,13(1):11-22.

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  • 收稿日期:1988-08-14
  • 最后修改日期:1989-02-20
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